Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Over 3.7 Million Adults, Independent of Type 2 Diabetes Status.

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
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Abstract

AIMS: To investigate the impact of Metabolic-Bariatric surgery (MBS) on pancreatic cancer (PCa) risk in individuals with obesity based on type 2 diabetes(T2D) status.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022367749). The primary outcomes were the PCa incidence rates in participants with or without T2D who underwent MBS compared with the control (non-MBS) group. Subgroup analyses based on the MBS types were performed and a random-effects model was employed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by applying the leave-one-out meta-analysis technique and excluding studies with a short follow-up. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I index and Cochran's Q test. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test and the risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool.RESULTS: Twelve studies, with 3,711,243 participants, were included. PCa risk was lower in the MBS group for both T2D and the overall population than in the non-MBS group (RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30-0.71 and RR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07-0.57, respectively), with consistent findings after excluding studies with < 3-year follow-up. A favourable impact was also observed in individuals without T2D (RR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.41-0.78). When comparing the types of MBS versus control, a significant difference was observed for sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (RR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12-0.46 for SG and RR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.25-1.09 for Roux-En-Y bypass). Egger's test showed no indication of publication bias (p = 0.417).CONCLUSIONS: MBS is associated with reduced PCa risk regardless of T2D, with a more pronounced effect in T2D patients. Additional research is needed to investigate the impact of MBS types on PCa.

Year of Publication
2024
Journal
Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Volume
40
Issue
7
Pages
e3844
Date Published
10/2024
ISSN
1520-7560
DOI
10.1002/dmrr.3844
PubMed ID
39382004
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