Continuous, but not intermittent, regimens of hypoxia prevent and reverse ataxia in a murine model of Friedreich's ataxia.

Human molecular genetics
Authors
Abstract

Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a devastating, multi-systemic neurodegenerative disease affecting thousands of people worldwide. We previously reported that oxygen is a key environmental variable that can modify FA pathogenesis. In particular we showed that chronic, continuous normobaric hypoxia (11% FIO2) prevents ataxia and neurological disease in a murine model of FA, although it did not improve cardiovascular pathology or lifespan. Here, we report the pre-clinical evaluation of seven 'hypoxia-inspired' regimens in the shFxn mouse model of FA, with the long-term goal of designing a safe, practical, and effective regimen for clinical translation. We report three chief results. First, a daily, intermittent hypoxia regimen (16 hours 11% O2/8 hours 21% O2) conferred no benefit, and was in fact harmful, resulting in elevated cardiac stress and accelerated mortality. The detrimental effect of this regimen is likely due to transient tissue hyperoxia that results when daily exposure to 21% O2 combines with chronic polycythemia, as we could blunt this toxicity by pharmacologically inhibiting polycythemia. Second, we report that more mild regimens of chronic hypoxia (17% O2) confer a modest benefit by delaying the onset of ataxia. Third, excitingly, we show that initiating chronic, continuous 11% O2 breathing once advanced neurological disease has already started can rapidly reverse ataxia. Our studies showcase both the promise and limitations of candidate hypoxia-inspired regimens for FA and underscore the need for additional pre-clinical optimization before future translation into humans.

Year of Publication
2023
Journal
Human molecular genetics
Date Published
06/2023
ISSN
1460-2083
DOI
10.1093/hmg/ddad091
PubMed ID
37260376
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