18.417 Lecture 13

Announcements

Continuing our journey of the central dogma

Gene Regulation

Why the cell needs to change

Fixed genome in a changing cell

Regulatory knobs at every step

Why study transcription initiation

Sequence-dependent regulation

Transcription Initiation Machinery

Regulatory sequence signals

Steps to transcription

Eukaryotic packaging

Observing Regulation

The idea behind DNA MicroArrays

The first RNA expression observation

Today

Two ways of making DNA Arrays

Printed arrays: fixing DNA onto glass

DNA chips: Growing oligos on glass

Fluorescently labeling the samples

Printed Array: Comparing two conditions

DNA chips: measuring absolute expression

DNA chips: measuring absolute expression

Modeling noise

Next time: Regulatory Networks