Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
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Abstract | Targeted nucleases are powerful tools for mediating genome alteration with high precision. The RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease from the microbial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) adaptive immune system can be used to facilitate efficient genome engineering in eukaryotic cells by simply specifying a 20-nt targeting sequence within its guide RNA. Here we describe a set of tools for Cas9-mediated genome editing via nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) in mammalian cells, as well as generation of modified cell lines for downstream functional studies. To minimize off-target cleavage, we further describe a double-nicking strategy using the Cas9 nickase mutant with paired guide RNAs. This protocol provides experimentally derived guidelines for the selection of target sites, evaluation of cleavage efficiency and analysis of off-target activity. Beginning with target design, gene modifications can be achieved within as little as 1-2 weeks, and modified clonal cell lines can be derived within 2-3 weeks. |
Year of Publication | 2013
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Journal | Nat Protoc
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Volume | 8
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Issue | 11
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Pages | 2281-308
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Date Published | 2013 Nov
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ISSN | 1750-2799
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URL | |
DOI | 10.1038/nprot.2013.143
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PubMed ID | 24157548
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PubMed Central ID | PMC3969860
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Grant list | 1R01-DK097768 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
T32 GM007753 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
DP1 MH100706 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
F32 DK096822 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
T32GM008313 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
R01 DK097768 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
T32 GM008313 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
T32GM007753 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
1DP1-MH100706 / DP / NCCDPHP CDC HHS / United States
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