Gene Set: BIOCARTA_RAS_PATHWAY

Standard name BIOCARTA_RAS_PATHWAY
Systematic name M17294
Brief description Ras Signaling Pathway
Full description or abstract Ras activates many signaling cascades. Here we illustrate some of the well-characterized cascades in a generic compilation of effector molecules. The effectors mediate Ras stimulation to a diverse set of cellular signals. Many of these signals are interpreted differently depending on the cell type or microenvironment receiving the stimulus. Not all of these effectors are activated in any given cell type. The primary method of activation is to promote the translocation of the molecule to the plasma membrane where additional interactions lead to the activation of the molecule. RalGDS is a Guanine Exchange Factor (GEF) for Ral but also has other independent functions. RalGDS activates RalA/B-related small GTPases. RalBP1 is a GTPase activating protein that leads to the inhibition of the Rac and CDC42 GTPases. Ral can also interact with phospholipase D1 (PLD1) that can also be activated by RhoA. Ras stimulation of the lipid kinase activity of PI3K occurs through an interaction with the p110 catalytic subunit. PI3K phosphorylates the D3 position of phosphatidylinositides. In this example Pip2 is converted to PIP3. PIP3 stimulates the AKT/PKB kinase and several of the Rac-GEFs such as Sos1 AND Vav. AKT activation inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the actions of Bad, Caspase9 and AFX. AKT further hinders apoptosis by phosphorylating the IkB repressor of NFkB. Stimulus of Rac causes among other things the activation of NFkB. Ras also stimulates the mitogen-activated kinases ERK1/2 via the Raf1 cascade. The Erk kinases translocate to the nucleus where they phosphorylate various transcription factors such as ELK1
Collection C2: curated gene sets
      CP: canonical pathways
            CP:BIOCARTA: BioCarta gene sets
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External links http://www.biocarta.com/pathfiles/h_rasPathway.asp
http://www.biocarta.com/pathfiles/PathwayProteinList.asp?showPFID=111
Organism Homo sapiens
Contributed by BioCarta
Source platform EntrezGeneIds
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Compute overlaps C1: positional gene sets
C2: curated gene sets
      CGP: chemical and genetic perturbations
      CP: canonical pathways
            CP:BIOCARTA: BioCarta gene sets
            CP:KEGG: KEGG gene sets
            CP:REACTOME: Reactome gene sets
C3: motif gene sets
      MIR: microRNA targets
      TFT: transcription factor targets
C4: computational gene sets
      CGN: cancer gene neighborhoods
      CM: cancer modules
C5: GO gene sets
      BP: GO biological process
      CC: GO cellular component
      MF: GO molecular function
Compendia expression profiles Human tissue compendium (Novartis)
Global Cancer Map (Broad Institute)
NCI-60 cell lines (National Cancer Institute)
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