Map the read data to the reference and mark duplicates.
The read group information is key for downstream GATK functionality. The GATK will not work without a read group tag. Make sure to enter as much metadata as you know about your data in the read group fields provided. For more information about all the possible fields in the @RG tag, take a look at the SAM specification.
Compose the read group identifier in the following format:
@RG\tID:group1\tSM:sample1\tPL:illumina\tLB:lib1\tPU:unit1
where the \t stands for the tab character.
Run the following BWA command:
In this command, replace read group info by the read group identifier composed in the previous step.
bwa mem -R ’<read group info>’ -p reference.fa raw_reads.fq > aligned_reads.sam
replacing the <read group info> bit with the read group identifier you composed at the previous step.
This creates a file called aligned_reads.sam containing the aligned reads from all input files, combined, annotated and aligned to the same reference.
Note that here we are using a command that is specific for pair ended data in an interleaved fastq file, which is what we are providing to you as a tutorial file. To map other types of datasets (e.g. single-ended or pair-ended in forward/reverse read files) you will need to adapt the command accordingly. Please see the BWA documentation for exact usage and more options for these commands.
These initial pre-processing operations format the data to suit the requirements of the GATK tools.
Perform all three operations simultaneously by running the following Picard command:
java -jar MarkDuplicates.jar \
INPUT=aligned_reads.sam \
OUTPUT=dedup_reads.bam \
SO=coordinate
This creates a sorted BAM file called dedup_reads.bam with the same content as the input file, except that any duplicate reads are marked as such.
I've the following queries on running RealignerTargetCreator module in GATK1.4.
1) Is it recommended to provide the target capture BED file to RealignerTargetCreator in case of targeted/exome experiments? Without the bed file, the tool is taking long time (~6-7 hrs). What's the optimal way here?
2) Does running mark duplicates before or after 'RealignerTargetCreator' have any effect on the # of snps/indels? What is recommended?
Look forward to your comments. Raj
I have been using GATK (v2.2) UnifiedGenotyper to generate VCFs. I did a multisample realignment around indels which generated a multisample BAM of size ~500Gb. After looking at some of the SNP calls I decided to try removing duplicates. I used MarkDuplicates with "REMOVE_DUPLICATES=true" and although only 10% of reads were duplicates, the BAM reduced to ~75Gb. This did not seem to affect the depth of reads at a site more than the expected ~10% but now the AD field in the genotype columns is missing. ie GT:AD:GQ 0/1:.:30 When I run UnifiedGenotyper with the old BAM prior to MarkDuplicates the AD field is present.
I am currently running the MarkDuplicates on each sample prior to realignment - because I think this makes the most sense, but isn't clear why this should matter,
Any ideas on what is happening here?
Hello,
I am having trouble calling variants using Haplotype Caller on simulated exome reads. I have been able to call reasonable-looking variants on the exome (simulated with dwgsim) with HaplotypeCaller before running it through the Best Practices Pre-Processing pipeline. The pre-processed data worked fine with UnifiedGenotyper but with HaplotypeCaller, though it runs without errors and seems to walk across the genome, only outputs a VCF header. I have tried calling variants with and without using -L to provide the exome regions (as recommended in this forum post: http://gatkforums.broadinstitute.org/discussion/1681/expected-file-size-haplotype-caller) but this hasn't made a difference - when we run the command with the pre-processed BAMs, we only get a VCF header. Everything has been tested with both 2.4-7 and 2.4-9.
Any help or guidance would be greatly appreciated!
Command Used for HaplotypeCaller:
java -Xmx4g -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T HaplotypeCaller -R ucsc.hg19.fasta -I exome.realigned.dedup.recal.bam -o exome.raw.vcf -D dbsnp_137.hg19.vcf -stand_emit_conf 10 -rf BadCigar -L Illumin_TruSeq.bed --logging_level DEBUG
Commands Used for pre-processing (run in sequence using a Perl script):
java -Xmx16g -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T RealignerTargetCreator -nt 8 -R ucsc.hg19.fasta -I exome.bam -o exome.intervals -known dbsnp_137.hg19.vcf
java -Xmx4g -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T IndelRealigner -R ucsc.hg19.fasta -I exome.bam -o exome.realigned.bam -targetIntervals intervals.bam -known dbsnp_137.hg19.vcf
java -Xmx16g -jar MarkDuplicates.jar I=exome.realigned.bam METRICS_FILE=exome.dups O=exome.realigned.dedup.bam
samtools index exome.realigned.dedup
java -Xmx4g -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T BaseRecalibrator -nct 8 -R ucsc.hg19.fasta -I exome.realigned.dedup.bam -o exome.recal_data.grp -knownSites dbsnp_137.hg19.vcf -cov ReadGroupCovariate -cov ContextCovariate -cov CycleCovariate -cov QualityScoreCovariate
java -Xmx4g -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T PrintReads -nct 8 -R ucsc.hg19.fasta -I exome.realigned.dedup.bam -BQSR exome.recal_data.grp -baq CALCULATE_AS_NECESSARY -o exome.realigned.dedup.recal.bam
I was frustrated by the .metrics file from MarkDuplicates getting deleted as an intermediate file, so I set isIntermediate=false for that step in the DataProcessingPipeline. But now I'm getting tired of manually deleting the intermediate bams.
So my request is, could that field be changed from an @Output to an @Argument? This would be on line 50 of org.broadinstitute.sting.queue.extensions.picard.MarkDuplicates.scala. I also made that a required field in my local copy, since it is required to run the Picard tool.
A similar but opposite problem is that the bai file from the IndelRealigner step is not deleted - but that looks like it would require either special handling for that walker in Queue or for the index file to be an argument to the Java walker. Neither is a particularly appealing solution.